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Sigmund Freud

1856-1939

Biography

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Austrian (Czech-born) neurologist, psychiatrist and psychologist.  He is famous as the founder of psychoanalysis.

Biography

1856 born May 26
1859 family moved to Germany
1860 family moved to Vienna, where he remained until 1938
1873 began studies at University of Vienna
1877 abbreviated his name from Sigismund Schlomo Freud to Sigmund Freud
1878 began research on central nervous system under Ernst von Brücke
1881 received doctorate of medicine
1882 worked at Theodor Meynert's Psychiatric Clinic until 1883
1884 published several articles on cocaine through 1887
1885 studied with Charcot, at the Salpetrière, in Paris
1886 married Martha Bernays (6 children) and established a private practice as neurologist
1887 met Wilhelm Fleiss, a doctor from Berlin. Their newfound
friendship cultivated Freud's interest in psychology
1888 studies hypnosis as therapeutical treatment
1895 published findings with Breuer in Studies on Hysteria (cathartic method)
1896 first used the term "Psycho-Analysis" in his paper, "The Aetiology of Hysteria"
1897 started his self-analysis
1899 The Interpretation of Dreams (" Die  Traumdeutung"), which Freud considered the most important of all his books*, was published
1900 published The Interpretation of Dreams, and introduced the wider public to the notion of the unconscious mind
1901 published The Psychopathology of Everyday Life in which he theorized that forgetfulness or slips of the tongue (now called "Freudian slips") were not accidental at all, but it was the "dynamic unconscious" revealing something meaningful
1902 appointed professor at the University of Vienna, and founded the psychological "Wednesday Society"
1905 published essays about sexual drive and "Oedipus complex"
1908 "Wednesday Society" became Viennese Association of Psychoanalysis
1909 delivered first international presentation of his theories at Clark University
1910 International Psycho-Analytical Association founded
1923 presented his world famous idea of the id, ego and super-ego and the unconscious, preconscious and subconscious, and found out he had cancer of the jaw
1930 honored with the Goethe Prize for Literature
1935 elected Honorary Member of the British Royal Society of Medicine
1938 emigrated to England with his family
1939  died on September 23 in London
1950 published posthumously as, Project for a Scientific Psychology, a 100 page draft of an analysis of one of his own dreams known as "The Dream of Irma's Injection"